- Title
- The role of socio-economic status and energy-density in Australian women of child-bearing age
- Creator
- Latter, R.; Brown, L. J.; Rae, K. M.; Rollo, M. E.; Schumacher, T. L.
- Relation
- Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics Vol. 33, Issue 5, p. 718-728
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jhn.12742
- Publisher
- Wiley-Blackwell
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2020
- Description
- Introduction: An optimal diet is imperative in preparing women for pregnancy and this may be influenced by socio-economic status (SES). This research aims to investigate the role of SES on the dietary energy density (ED) in Australian women of preconception age. Methods: A secondary analysis of the Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 2011–12 for females aged 18–39 years (n = 1617) was conducted. Dietary intake was assessed by 24-hr recalls and dietary ED by dietary energy per weight (kJ.g−1). ED was further categorised as ED of foods and beverages separately. SES was assessed by three variables: Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA), developed by the Australian Bureau of Statistics; income decile; and level of education. Linear mixed model regressions were used to identify associations between ED and SES. Results: The median ED for food, beverages and combined food and beverages was 9.38 kJ g−1, 1.02 kJ g−1 and 7.11 kJ g−1, respectively. No significant variation was explained by SES variables when analysing combined ED in the adjusted model or ED from foods. Income decile reduced ED of beverages, although with little effect (coefficient: −0.04, P = 0.002). Significant confounders included inactivity, which increased ED in both combined ED and ED foods (coefficient: 0.51, P = 0.001 and coefficient: 0.78, P < 0.001). Conclusions: SES explained little variation in dietary ED in women of childbearing age. A large proportion of women had high energy-dense diets regardless of their SES. These findings suggest that a large proportion of women, who may become pregnant, have diets that exceed the international recommendations for dietary energy density.
- Subject
- Australia; energy intake; nutrition requirements; obesity; preconception care; socio-economic status; SDG 3; Sustainable Development Goals
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1451342
- Identifier
- uon:44161
- Identifier
- ISSN:0952-3871
- Language
- eng
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